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Transformation is a biotechnology technique that is used daily in research laboratories around the world. This technique allows scientists to force E. coli to take up small, circular pieces of DNA called plasmids from the surrounding environment. Using recombinant DNA…
Read More Taking Transformation to the Next Level with Colony PCR
DNA ligase is one of the most important, but least celebrated, enzymes used in modern biotechnology. This enzyme plays a very important role in DNA replication and repair by acting like a “glue” that can connect different DNA fragments to…
Read More Biotech Basics: DNA Ligase – Building a Bridge with DNA
What are restriction enzymes? Restriction endonucleases (also known as restriction enzymes) act like molecular scissors, cutting double-stranded DNA at specific sequences. They are produced by many species of bacteria to protect themselves from invading viral DNA. The utility of restriction…
What are plasmids? In 1952, Nobel Prize Winner Joshua Lederberg introduced the term ‘plasmid’, a double-stranded, circular DNA molecule that naturally exists in bacterial cells and some eukaryotes (Fig. 1). Plasmids have been used by molecular biologists to study, analyze,…
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